Compared with adding 6 months of ADT, adding 24 months of ADT improved metastasis-free survival in people receiving postoperative radiotherapy. For individuals who can accept the additional duration of adverse effects, long-course ADT should be offered with postoperative radiotherapy.

Metastatic disease is uncommon following postoperative bed radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy. Adding 6 months of ADT to this radiotherapy did not improve metastasis-free survival compared with no ADT. These findings do not support the use of short-course ADT with postoperative radiotherapy in this patient population.

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a mainstay of treatment management with radiotherapy for prostate cancer,1 including for men treated for salvage after prostatectomy. Three major randomised trials have been conducted previously: RTOG 9601, GETUG-AFU 16, and NRG Oncology/RTOG 0534 SPPORT (hereafter referred to as SPPORT);2–4 the addition of RADICALS-HD...

Since the attacks by Hamas against Israel on Oct 7, 2023,1 the Israeli retaliatory strikes, bombings, and strict sieges have almost never stopped. So far, more than 85% of Gaza's population have been displaced,2 and as of April 13, 2024, at least 33 000 Palestinians have been killed (more than a third of them are children)3 and 70 000 civilians have...

SWITCH provides weak evidence that decompressive craniectomy plus best medical treatment might be superior to best medical treatment alone in people with severe deep intracerebral haemorrhage. The results do not apply to intracerebral haemorrhage in other locations, and survival is associated with severe disability in both groups.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost globally.1 Close to 30% of strokes are haemorrhagic, with intracerebral haemorrhage affecting 3·4 million people worldwide.1 Despite being less common than ischaemic stroke, the DALYs lost as a result of haemorrhagic stroke exceed those...